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MWCNT-PVA composite as Q-switched initiator in passive erbium doped fiber laser

M. M. MAFROOS1, A. HAMZAH2,* , K. M. MUSTHAFA3

Affiliation

  1. Division of Electrical, Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering Technology, Institute of Technology University of Moratuwa, Sri Lanka
  2. Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  3. School of Engineering and Emerging Technologies, Barzan University College, Bin Derham Plaza, Doha, Qatar

Abstract

Saturable absorbers (SA) synthesized with varying ratios of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) host were used in a laser cavity experiment to investigate a passively Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) for its pulsed-laser specifications. Using solution-casting process, MWCNT-PVA SA films were fabricated in two distinct ratios: 1:1 and 2:3. MWCNT-PVA SAs were exhibiting 1557.98 nm and 1557.48 nm for pulsed laser respectively, and 1560.72 nm for continuous wavelength at 56 mW input pump power. Using an identical EDFL fibre laser cavity, the pulse energy, output power, repetition rate, pulse width, and signal to noise ratio (SNR) characteristics were compared. The briefest pulse width obtained using 1:1 and 2:3 MWCNT-PVA SAs was 4.43 µs, whereas the maximum repetition rates of 89.13 kHz and 134.2 kHz yielded 3.94 µs, the narrowest pulse. In a passively Q-switched EDFL laser, the 2:3 MWCNT-PVA SA demonstrated the maximum output power of 2.84 mW, while the 1:1 MWCNT-PVA SAs displayed the highest pulse energy of 24.57 nJ with an SNR value of 42 dB..

Keywords

Q-switching, MWCNT, Electro-optic, Gain medium, EDFL, Saturable absorber.

Submitted at: Dec. 3, 2024
Accepted at: Dec. 4, 2025

Citation

M. M. MAFROOS, A. HAMZAH, K. M. MUSTHAFA, MWCNT-PVA composite as Q-switched initiator in passive erbium doped fiber laser, Journal of Optoelectronics and Advanced Materials Vol. 27, Iss. 11-12, pp. 529-540 (2025)