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One-step fabrication of P2O5-loaded-TiO2 composite with trace amounts of rGO as thin films for enhanced photovoltaic and photocatalytic performance

A. M. FLOREA1,2,* , A. M. IORDACHE1,* , S. CARAMIZOIU1

Affiliation

  1. National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics-INOE 2000, 077125 Magurele, Romania
  2. Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, 077125 Magurele, Ilfov, Romania

Abstract

In this work, a one-step sol gel method is reported for the fabrication of P2O5-loaded-TiO2 composite with trace amounts of rGO as thin films (TiO2+rGO+P2O5) with enhanced photocatalytic and photovoltaic performance. The sols containing titanium and phosphorus precursors with 0.2-0.7 wt% reduced graphene oxide (rGO) were spin-coated onto glass substrates in three and five layers, followed by thermal treatment at 400-500°C. FTIR, UV-Vis, and SEM analyses confirmed uniform morphology and adequate interfaces. The synergistic incorporation of P2O5 and rGO improved charge transport by promoting efficient charge separation and suppressing electron-hole recombination, while extending light absorption into the visible region. The performance of the films was strongly influenced by the rGO content, film thickness, and annealing temperature. These nanocomposite films offer a simple, cost-effective, and scalable approach for applications in photovoltaic devices, where they can function as efficient electron transport layers or photoanodes, as well as in photocatalytic environmental remediation..

Keywords

TiO2, P2O5, Thin film synthesis, Reduced graphene oxide, Optoelectronic properties.

Submitted at: April 20, 2026
Accepted at: June 2, 2026

Citation

A. M. FLOREA, A. M. IORDACHE, S. CARAMIZOIU, One-step fabrication of P2O5-loaded-TiO2 composite with trace amounts of rGO as thin films for enhanced photovoltaic and photocatalytic performance, Journal of Optoelectronics and Advanced Materials Vol. 28, Iss. 5-6, pp. 267-276 (2026)